介紹洛陽(yáng)的導(dǎo)游詞（精選8篇）
介紹洛陽(yáng)的導(dǎo)游詞 篇1
洛陽(yáng)市位于河南省西部、黃河中游南岸。古時(shí)稱水之北為陽(yáng)，洛陽(yáng)地處洛水之北，故稱洛陽(yáng)。洛陽(yáng)處于北溫帶，屬大陸性氣候，春季干旱，夏熱多雨，秋季溫和，冬季寒冷。年均氣溫14.86℃，年均降水量578.2毫米。 洛陽(yáng)是我國(guó)七大古都之一，馳名中外的歷史文化名城，居“天下之中”，素有“九州腹地”之稱。北臨嵯峨逶迤的邙嶺，南對(duì)亙古聳黛的嵩山。
洛陽(yáng)是中國(guó)著名的歷史文化名城和重點(diǎn)旅游城市。城市的興起距今有4千多年的歷史，從公元前21世紀(jì)中國(guó)第一個(gè)王朝----夏朝的建立起，先后有13個(gè)朝代在此建都。因這里曾墨客騷人云集，故有“詩(shī)都”之稱，牡丹香氣四溢，又有“花都”的美譽(yù)。
洛陽(yáng)市區(qū)面積544平方公里，人口100萬(wàn)，市場(chǎng)容量和發(fā)展?jié)摿薮蟆Ｊ且赞r(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械、礦山機(jī)械制造為主的工業(yè)城市。手工藝制品有唐三彩、宮燈、仿青銅制品。 景觀:龍門(mén)石窟、白馬寺、關(guān)林、古墓博物館、千唐志齋、白云山、老君山、雞冠洞、玄奘故里。
介紹洛陽(yáng)的導(dǎo)游詞 篇2
殿西南角為大法鼓。這里的鐘、鼓都是僧人們進(jìn)行佛事活動(dòng)時(shí)所敲打的樂(lè)器。
大佛殿內(nèi)后部，這尊面向北方的坐像，為觀世音菩薩，由于背對(duì)大佛，又稱“倒坐觀音”。
現(xiàn)在我們看到的是第三重大殿----大雄殿。大雄殿，本為元代所重建，明、清時(shí)重修。殿門(mén)外東側(cè)壁間，嵌有宋代重立的《摩騰入漢靈異記》刻石，畢無(wú)說(shuō)它“字體絕類(lèi)《圣教序》，北宋人書(shū)，猶有晉唐風(fēng)格，良可愛(ài)也。”此刻石記載了漢明帝修建齊云塔的起始原委。
殿內(nèi)天棚上。畫(huà)有鮮艷的蓮花圖案；殿中央，這個(gè)巨大的木雕貼金雙層佛龕，精雕細(xì)刻，金碧輝煌 ，看起來(lái)十分壯觀。在上層龕額正中，浮雕著一只大鵬金翅鳥(niǎo)，鳥(niǎo)吻人身。在鵬金翅鳥(niǎo)的兩邊，還各浮雕有三條龍。佛教傳說(shuō)，大鵬金翅鳥(niǎo)喜歡吃龍，龍萬(wàn)般無(wú)奈，只好找如來(lái)佛“告狀”，如來(lái)佛即從所披袈裟之上抽出一束絲，用一根絲覆蓋一條龍。從此，龍受到如來(lái)佛的保護(hù)，不再擔(dān)心受大鵬鳥(niǎo)之害了。如來(lái)佛又運(yùn)用神通，讓供品變化的無(wú)限多，用供品代龍，滿足了大鵬金翅鳥(niǎo)的要求，解決了雙方的矛盾，龍、鳥(niǎo)皆大歡喜。佛龕上的圖案，大概就源于這個(gè)佛教傳說(shuō)故事吧。
佛龕內(nèi)的三尊主佛，皆盤(pán)雙膝坐于蓮花寶座中，正中為釋迦牟尼，尊稱“大雄”，即像大勇士那樣神通廣大，法力無(wú)邊。像高2.25米，整個(gè)形象給人以無(wú)限莊嚴(yán)、圣潔、恬靜之感。釋迦左側(cè)為東方“凈琉璃世界”的藥師佛，右側(cè)為西方“極樂(lè)世界”的阿彌陀佛。這三尊佛形制、風(fēng)格大體相同。
三主佛之前，左右相對(duì)而站的是韋馱、韋力二位“護(hù)法神”。
殿內(nèi)兩側(cè)供置十八羅漢，這一組十八羅漢，都是坐像，形態(tài)各異，通高介于1.55—1.61米之間。西側(cè)有一尊羅漢，頭戴花冠，上衣下裙，完全是一位端莊、嫻雅的女性形象，而其余十七尊則削發(fā)光頂。有些游人就把他們戲稱為十八羅漢一枝花。
大雄寶殿的三主佛、二天將、十八羅漢都是元代造像，與天王殿的彌勒佛，共二十四尊，是1973年從北京故宮慈寧宮大佛堂調(diào)入的，為傳世極稀的文物瑰寶，國(guó)內(nèi)已非常罕見(jiàn)。其中十八羅漢為國(guó)內(nèi)僅存的一套，是白馬寺的鎮(zhèn)寺之寶。
東西山墻上為木雕千佛壁龕，供有壁佛5056尊。
殿后站的韋力天將，為寺內(nèi)現(xiàn)今僅存的一尊元代泥雕作品。
接引殿是寺內(nèi)的第四重大殿。按佛教說(shuō)法，佛教徒修行到一定時(shí)候，有了一定的功果，便可由阿彌陀佛迎接、引導(dǎo)到西方“極樂(lè)世界”去。正中主尊為阿彌陀佛，右手向前下伸，作接引狀；左手指向西方“極樂(lè)世界”。右側(cè)為觀音菩薩，左側(cè)為大勢(shì)至菩薩，合稱“西方三圣”，均為清代泥塑作品。接引殿于清代同治年間毀于火災(zāi)，光緒年間重建，是白馬寺內(nèi)修建晚，規(guī)模小的殿。
現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)大家隨我一起登上清涼臺(tái)，相傳，清涼臺(tái)原是漢明帝劉莊小時(shí)候避暑、讀書(shū)之處；后來(lái)二位印度僧在此居住并譯經(jīng)傳教，本漢文佛經(jīng)《四十二章經(jīng)》就是大此譯出的。自東漢以后，歷來(lái)均以此為藏經(jīng)之所。清涼臺(tái)之名，源自清如秀和尚，被譽(yù)為白馬寺六景之首。如秀能文能詩(shī)，書(shū)畫(huà)俱佳。他把白馬寺內(nèi)的六項(xiàng)重要古跡，題為白馬寺六景，分別是清涼臺(tái)、焚經(jīng)臺(tái)、齊云臺(tái)、以及前面已介紹過(guò)的夜半鐘、騰蘭墓和斷文碑。
整個(gè)臺(tái)上，以毗盧閣為中心，周?chē)h(huán)繞配殿、僧房和廊廡等，構(gòu)成一個(gè)封閉式的院落。毗盧閣是寺內(nèi)后一重大殿，為明代重修，重檐歇山頂，殿內(nèi)佛壇上中間主尊為摩訶毗盧遮那佛，簡(jiǎn)稱毗盧佛，意為“大日佛”，象征著光明普照，佛法廣大無(wú)邊。毗盧佛，是佛教中一個(gè)重要教派---密宗（也叫真言宗）所尊奉的的神。
毗盧佛的左側(cè)為文殊菩薩，右為普賢菩薩。這一佛二菩薩，合稱“華嚴(yán)三圣”均為清代泥塑像。
隨著佛教在中國(guó)的發(fā)展興盛，于是形成了各種各樣的佛教宗派。這些宗派之間互相聯(lián)系，互為影響，也互為斗爭(zhēng)。自唐武宗滅佛之后，惟有禪宗弘而不衰，成為匯合各宗派的完全中國(guó)化的佛教。其中以祖宗和凈土宗、密宗、律宗結(jié)合得緊密。作為“釋源”和“祖庭”的白馬寺，對(duì)于中佛教的這種歷史現(xiàn)象有明顯的反映。宋元之后，白馬寺雖為禪宗寺院，但寺內(nèi)的接引殿及阿彌陀佛主要是凈土宗的內(nèi)容，而毗盧閣及毗盧佛，則又主要是密宗的內(nèi)容。
在清涼臺(tái)東西兩側(cè)，分別新建有藏經(jīng)閣、法寶閣各一座，供奉著泰國(guó)佛教世界贈(zèng)送給白馬寺的中華古佛和印度前總理拉奧贈(zèng)送的釋迦牟尼銅像。
現(xiàn)在我們來(lái)到齊云塔院。此院位于白馬寺山門(mén)外東南約200米處，齊云塔是一座方形密檐工磚塔，十三層，高約25米。齊云塔外形呈拋物線，造型別致，玲瓏嫵媚。據(jù)寺內(nèi)現(xiàn)存宋代刻石記載。齊云塔初建于東漢永平十二年，即公元69年，創(chuàng)建白馬寺的第二年，應(yīng)該是中國(guó)古老的一座佛塔。現(xiàn)存的磚塔，則為金大定十五年（公元1175年）年建，已有八百多年的歷史，是洛陽(yáng)一帶地面現(xiàn)存早的古建筑，1990年齊云塔被辟為河南 省座比丘尼道場(chǎng)。
齊云塔有一奇，如果站在塔南約20米處，用擊掌，便可聽(tīng)到從塔身發(fā)出“哇哇”的聲音，好像田野里青蛙的叫聲。所以當(dāng)?shù)厝藗髡f(shuō)，在齊云塔上住有一保金蛤蟆。其實(shí)這是一種回音現(xiàn)象，它比北京天壇的明代回音壁（1530年）要早三百五十多年。
中國(guó)座古剎是白馬寺；中國(guó)座古塔是齊云塔；次“西天取經(jīng)”始于洛陽(yáng)；早來(lái)華的印度僧人禪居于白馬寺；早傳入梵文佛經(jīng)“貝葉經(jīng)”收藏于白馬寺；早的譯經(jīng)道場(chǎng)是白馬寺內(nèi)的清涼臺(tái)；相漢文佛經(jīng)《四十二章經(jīng)》是在白馬寺譯出的；本漢文佛律《僧祗戒心》始譯于白馬寺；場(chǎng)佛、道之爭(zhēng)發(fā)生于白馬寺；個(gè)漢人和尚朱士行受戒于白馬寺。這十項(xiàng)，我們可以稱之為“祖庭十古”。正是這“祖庭十古”，使洛陽(yáng)折馬寺能夠穩(wěn)居中國(guó)伽藍(lán)之首座，而永遠(yuǎn)彪炳于中國(guó)佛教史冊(cè)之卷首。 來(lái)源:考試大-導(dǎo)游
介紹洛陽(yáng)的導(dǎo)游詞 篇3
Chuzhou
I am living there from my birth. Chuzhou is in the province of Anhui.Compared with Nanjing, it is small but beantiful,which is located in the easternSu Wan border region. Chuzhou is an ancient city with a long history. Built in589AD, numerous changes have taken place in Chuzhou through its vast history.Yet, in spite of repeated devastation, the city is still seated exactly on theoriginal site ,which is indeed an instance rarely found in the world. The uniquecharacteristics of the past are still retained in present-day Chuzhou. In thecourse of the history of China, it has been a metropolis of industry andcommerce in the north-eastern Anhui. Chuzhou is conveniently located on theJinghu Railway linking Shanghai and Beijing, to both of which there is 2- hourlyrailway service. Chuzhou South Railway Station is among the busiest passengerstations in China, having more than40 trains stopping daily. T-Trains only take20 minutes to Nanjing and an hour and half to Shanghai. Chuzhou is located inwater net, street according to river and then set up, the land-and-waterproceeds together; you can find the special appearance of the small bridges,flowing water, the old-fashioned houses, the beautiful lakes with undulatinghills. There is little pollution. Air is fresh and street is clean. Chuzhou isfamous as a scenic tourist city.
Langya Mountain contributes to the province's great scenery, as thenational key scenic area, national forest parkZuiweng Pavilion for the four mostfamous pavilions was built in the northern Song Dynasty periods ,one of theeight people by the Tng and Song Dynasty named Ouyang xiu and from the zuiwengpavilion. Langya is famous for its mountains, Ouyang xiu all by zuiwengpavilion, as well as the Song Dynasty in the writing of masterpiece the zuiwengpavilio Come on! I urge you to dig a little deeper, and experience classicChuzhou. I believe the city’s fantastic features and classic lifestyle isunmatched in China. It is worth visiting and experiencing. I wish you can choosethe city as your vacation destination.
介紹洛陽(yáng)的導(dǎo)游詞 篇4
Located in the West of Henan Province, Luoyang got its name due to itslocation in the adret of the ancient Luoshui River. It is a historic city withmore than three thousand years history. It was the capital city for ninedynasties, including the East Zhou, East Han, Caowei, West Jin, North Wei, Sui,Wuzhou, Late Liang, Late Tang, so it is named as the "Ancient Capital of theNine Dynasties", ranking top one among the seven ancient capitals in China. TheHeluo area with Luoyang as the center is the important origin of the HuaxiaCivilization. The most prosperous period of Luoyang was in t
LuoYang City Instruction
Luoyang is located in the western part of Henan province, stretching acrossthe middle reaches of the Yellow River. It has jurisdiction over 1 city, 8counties and 6 districts with a total area of 15,208 square kilometers including544 square kilometers of urban area. Its population totals 6.24 million of whichover 1.40 million living in urban areas. As a city famous for its splendidhistory and profound culture, Luoyang has become a shining gem in central partof China for its abundant and characteristic modern civilization.----Luoyang hasbeen known as "an ancient capital of nine dynasties ". It is among the firstcities to be declared by the State Council as the ancient capitals and famoushistorical and cultural cities. Starting from the first dynasty of China---Xia,it served as capital for 13 dynasties---Shang, Western Zhou, Eastern Zhou,Eastern Han, Cao Wei, Western Jin, Northern Wei, Sui, Tang, etc. It served as acapital for 1,529 years, and thus of the 7 great ancient capitals in China, itwas the first one to have served as the capital for the most numerous dynastiesand for the longest time. Luoyang is one of the important birthplaces of theChinese civilization. Culture in the Yellow River and the Luo River symbolizedby the Pattern of the Yellow River and the Writing of Luoyang is regarded as akey origin of the ancient Chinese civilization. It was here that Taoisminitiated, Confucianism originated. Buddhism first introduced and Li School--aConfucian school of idealist philosophy of the Song and Ming Dynasties born.Many Chinese descendants found their roots here and cherished a deep love forthe homeland.----Luoyang is one of the top tourist cities in China with itsnumerous cultural relics dotted everywhere, picturesque landscape and nationalflower-Tree Peony. The city has inherited from history such cultural heritagesas ruins of the old capital, temples and stone caves, and tombs and steles. Ithas 10 national sites, 75 provincial sites, and over 571 municipal sites to beprotected as cultural relics with nearly 400,000 items of relics having beenunearthed and kept in museums. The rare ruins of the capitals from the Xia,Shang, Zhou, Han and Wei, Sui and Tang dynasties are named "Assembly of FiveCapitals ". Longmen Grottoes is one of the three great banks of Chinese stonesculptures that is a World Cultural Heritage. The White Horse Temple is thefirst officially built monastery in China after the introduction of Buddhism. Inthe Mangshan Mountain there remains the largest group of ancient tombs in Chinafeatured by royal tombs, which took form since the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. To thenorth of Luoyang is the Mother River of the Chinese nation---the Yellow Riverthat together with a tourist resorts around the Xiaolangdi Reservoir andWanshanhu tourist area in Xin'an. To the south are spots of interests such asthe Songshan Mountain which is the central one of
the Five High Mountains of China, a national forest park at the BaiyunMountain, Longyu Bay and Huaguo Mountain, a magically shaped Cockscomb KarstCave, and tourist area around Luhun Reservoir. Known as national beauty andheavenly fragrance, peony has been planted for nearly 1,500 years in Luoyang.Around April every year, the peony comes into full bloom, decorating the urbanareas with flooding colors. Especially the Luoyang Peony Festival to be heldevery year, which has become an occasion that attracts millions of tourists bothat home and abroad. A long history, a brilliant accumulation of culture and avariety of beautiful natural scenery all combine to provide Luoyang withexceptional advantages in tourist business. With rich economic resources, strongsci-tech power and concentration of many large enterprises, Luoyang is one ofthe important quicke industrial cities in mid-west part of China. During thefirst Five-Year Plan period, 7 of the 156 key projects in China were set up hereand nowadays it has developed to a new industrial base with 6 pillar industriesin machinery and electronics, petrochemistry, metallurgy, building materials,textile, and foodstuff. Large-sized enterprise groups appear such as LuoyangPetrochemistry General Factory, the China first Tractor Group, Luoyang BallBearing (Group) Corporation, Luoyang Bronze Processing Factory, Luoyang FloatGlass Group and these enterprises are fairly strong in their competitiveness inboth international and domestic markets in their respective fields. Luoyangenjoys an apparent advantage in science and technology. It seats 14 scientificresearch institutions attached to various ministries of the State, and 18backbone institutions of the province and the city. 1,972 out of every 10,000employees are professionals, which is a proportion above the national average.Many institutions are leading the nation in testing and research, presenting newprojects and products in such high-tech fields as new materials, aviation andaerospace, electronics information, and integration of machinery andelectronics. New & High-tech Industry Development Zone has become a base fortransforming traditional industries with new technology and a window open to theoutside world.----In recent years, Luoyang has grasped the opportunity of westdevelopment and pro-active fiscal policy of the State, deepened the reform andned the development. In 20__, a GNP reached 46.57 billion Yuan and the localrevenue exceeded 2.42 billion Yuan. The rural economy has seen stabledevelopment, the reform of the state-owned enterprises and readjustment ofindustrial structure have been deepened, and rising industries such aspetrochemistry, electrolyzed aluminum, coal and electronic information have beendeveloping rapidly. Focusing on to develop the southern new developing zone, wewill speed up the infrastructure and comprehensive management with contents of "Greenness, brightness, cleanness, prettiness and smoothness ". The urbaninfrastructure and management ability has further improved, as a result of whichin 20__ it has passed appraisai of the country being a Garden and Forest Cityand has been enlisted as Top Tourist City of China. Environment for tourism hasbeen improved greatly. In 20__ the city received 106,000 tourists from abroad,12.31 million tourists at home with total tourism income of 6 billion Yuan. Thestrategy of achieving development through reform has been implemented activelyand friendly ties and exchanges with foreign countries and regions have beenstrengthened. And by the strategy of
rejuvenating Luoyang through science and education, various socialundertakings have been making progress. Social security system has beenperfected, peoples living standard upgraded and buildind of spiritualcivilization and rule of law further promoted.----At present Luoyang is facingfavorable development opportunities and conditions. Completion of several keyprojects such as key water control project at Xiaolangdi, the chemical fiber,laid a solid foundation foundation for city’s development in the new century. Inyears to come, Luoyang will implement the policy to build up our city into astrength city in industry and tourism, further improve strategic readjustment ineconomic structure. Efforts will be made to speed up upgrading and perfection oftraditional industries and growth of rising industries, to actively developnon-state-owned economy and to constantly increase both quality and benefits ofthe economic growth. Given primary construction to high-standard planning andhigh--quality in infrastructure construction, the city will quicken urbandevelopment, further improve its environment quality and cultural connotationand speed up process of urbanization, thus developing tourism as an importantbackbone industry, Construction on culture, democracy and rule of law will beactively enhanced. It is hoped that through endeavors in the 10th Five-Year Planperiod, the goal of developing Luoyang into a modern industrial city equippedwith advanced science and education, and an international city backed by richhistorical culture.----"If you want to know the rises and falls in China, pleasejust look at the city of Luoyang. " We warmly welcome people from all over theworld to come to Luoyang to go on sightseeing and make friends, to search forroots, to build industry and business, to pursue joint development with us, andto reconstruct the splendor of the ancient capital
介紹洛陽(yáng)的導(dǎo)游詞 篇5
洛陽(yáng)是中國(guó)歷史上建都時(shí)間最早、朝代最多、 時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)，跨度最大的城市。也是中國(guó)優(yōu)秀旅游城市和“感動(dòng)世界的中國(guó)品牌城市”。洛陽(yáng)旅游景點(diǎn)有豐富的人文景觀，其中龍門(mén)石窟是中國(guó)三大石窟之一，白馬寺是中國(guó)第一座官辦佛教寺院，洛陽(yáng)古墓博物館是世界上最大的古墓群，此外還有二程墓、白園、關(guān)林等一大批歷史遺跡。 洛陽(yáng)，因?yàn)榈靥幝逅?yáng)而得名，是華夏文明的主要發(fā)祥地之一。自公元前770年周平王遷都洛邑起，歷史上先后有13個(gè)朝代在此建都，時(shí)間長(zhǎng)達(dá)1500多年。自古以來(lái)，這里墨客騷人云集，因此有“詩(shī)都”之稱，牡丹香氣四溢，又有“花都”的美譽(yù)。洛陽(yáng)位處亞歐大陸橋東段，橫跨黃河中游兩岸，“居天下之中”，素有“九州腹地”之稱。是“華夏第一王都”，是八大古都和國(guó)務(wù)院首批公布的歷史文化名城之一，是 “絲綢之路”起點(diǎn)之一，是中國(guó)歷史上唯一被命名為“神都”的城市。
洛陽(yáng)位于豫西山區(qū)，東臨嵩岳，西依秦嶺，南望伏牛，北靠太行，地形、地貌復(fù)雜多變，孕育了名山大川、河湖瀑布、溶洞溫泉、原始森林等風(fēng)景名勝。 北25公里有中華民族的母親河黃河及舉世矚目的小浪底水利樞紐工程，270平方里浩淼水面與崇山峻嶺融為一體，構(gòu)成一幅北方千島湖的壯觀畫(huà)面。東80公理有中岳嵩山及少林寺名勝， 青山疊翠，峰巒聳峙，寺廟巍巍，武校林立。南部和西部50到160公里范圍內(nèi)，分布有國(guó)家森林公園白云山、龍峪灣、花果山和國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)伏牛山，有欒川老君山、洛寧神靈寨、嵩縣天池山、新安青要山等8個(gè)省級(jí)森林公園和自然保護(hù)區(qū)，還有“北國(guó)第一溶洞”雞冠洞、“北國(guó)水鄉(xiāng)重度溝和陸渾水庫(kù)旅游度假區(qū)等景點(diǎn)。
洛陽(yáng)是個(gè)古老的城市。當(dāng)你走進(jìn)老城，你一定會(huì)深深地迷戀上她那質(zhì)樸的氣息。她就像是一本沉甸甸的書(shū)，在等待著你去細(xì)細(xì)品味;她更像是一位飽經(jīng)滄桑的老者，在等待著與你傾心交流。老城里最不缺的就是一座座瓦片屋頂?shù)男牵究痰奈蓍堋⒋皺簦�有那古色古香的街道，仿佛都在向你講述著洛陽(yáng)曾經(jīng)的輝煌。 四月的洛陽(yáng)城牡丹怒放，城內(nèi)變成了“國(guó)色天香”的海洋。細(xì)嗅芬芳，置身花海，動(dòng)人的牡丹嬌艷欲滴，讓人忍不住心生憐愛(ài)，醉入其中。龍門(mén)石窟的鬼斧神工，讓你不得不贊嘆古人技藝的出神入化，震撼人心。歷經(jīng)歲月更迭的白馬寺，依然在古城中靜默如初，散發(fā)著她的光芒。在老街閑庭信步，細(xì)細(xì)品味她的與風(fēng)韻，讓歷史訴說(shuō)，讓時(shí)間停駐。
洛陽(yáng)春季干旱大風(fēng)多，夏季炎熱多雨且集中，秋季晴和日照長(zhǎng)。4月氣候溫暖，可以欣賞無(wú)數(shù)牡丹爭(zhēng)芳斗艷的奇麗景象。特別是每年4月1日至5月10日的“牡丹花會(huì)”時(shí)，更是人頭攢動(dòng)，滿城皆花。4月底-5月中，有“櫻桃節(jié)”。洛陽(yáng)獨(dú)樹(shù)櫻桃，個(gè)大肉厚、味純甘美，漢、魏、晉、唐、宋，一直是朝廷貢品和宗廟祭祀的佳果。到“十里櫻桃溝”去，品美果，賞美景，至則忘返。
介紹洛陽(yáng)的導(dǎo)游詞 篇6
洛陽(yáng)是中國(guó)歷史上建都時(shí)間最早、朝代最多、 時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)，跨度最大的城市。也是中國(guó)優(yōu)秀旅游城市和“感動(dòng)世界的中國(guó)品牌城市”。洛陽(yáng)旅游景點(diǎn)有豐富的人文景觀，其中龍門(mén)石窟是中國(guó)三大石窟之一，白馬寺是中國(guó)第一座官辦佛教寺院，洛陽(yáng)古墓博物館是世界上最大的古墓群，此外還有二程墓、白園、關(guān)林等一大批歷史遺跡。 洛陽(yáng)，因?yàn)榈靥幝逅?yáng)而得名，是華夏文明的主要發(fā)祥地之一。自公元前770年周平王遷都洛邑起，歷史上先后有13個(gè)朝代在此建都，時(shí)間長(zhǎng)達(dá)1500多年。自古以來(lái)，這里墨客騷人云集，因此有“詩(shī)都”之稱，牡丹香氣四溢，又有“花都”的美譽(yù)。洛陽(yáng)位處亞歐大陸橋東段，橫跨黃河中游兩岸，“居天下之中”，素有“九州腹地”之稱。是“華夏第一王都”，是八大古都和國(guó)務(wù)院首批公布的歷史文化名城之一，是 “絲綢之路”起點(diǎn)之一，是中國(guó)歷史上唯一被命名為“神都”的城市。
洛陽(yáng)位于豫西山區(qū)，東臨嵩岳，西依秦嶺，南望伏牛，北靠太行，地形、地貌復(fù)雜多變，孕育了名山大川、河湖瀑布、溶洞溫泉、原始森林等風(fēng)景名勝。 北25公里有中華民族的母親河黃河及舉世矚目的小浪底水利樞紐工程，270平方里浩淼水面與崇山峻嶺融為一體，構(gòu)成一幅北方千島湖的壯觀畫(huà)面。東80公理有中岳嵩山及少林寺名勝， 青山疊翠，峰巒聳峙，寺廟巍巍，武校林立。南部和西部50到160公里范圍內(nèi)，分布有國(guó)家森林公園白云山、龍峪灣、花果山和國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)伏牛山，有欒川老君山、洛寧神靈寨、嵩縣天池山、新安青要山等8個(gè)省級(jí)森林公園和自然保護(hù)區(qū)，還有“北國(guó)第一溶洞”雞冠洞、“北國(guó)水鄉(xiāng)重度溝和陸渾水庫(kù)旅游度假區(qū)等景點(diǎn)。
洛陽(yáng)是個(gè)古老的城市。當(dāng)你走進(jìn)老城，你一定會(huì)深深地迷戀上她那質(zhì)樸的氣息。她就像是一本沉甸甸的書(shū)，在等待著你去細(xì)細(xì)品味;她更像是一位飽經(jīng)滄桑的老者，在等待著與你傾心交流。老城里最不缺的就是一座座瓦片屋頂?shù)男牵究痰奈蓍堋⒋皺簦�有那古色古香的街道，仿佛都在向你講述著洛陽(yáng)曾經(jīng)的輝煌。 四月的洛陽(yáng)城牡丹怒放，城內(nèi)變成了“國(guó)色天香”的海洋。細(xì)嗅芬芳，置身花海，動(dòng)人的牡丹嬌艷欲滴，讓人忍不住心生憐愛(ài)，醉入其中。龍門(mén)石窟的鬼斧神工，讓你不得不贊嘆古人技藝的出神入化，震撼人心。歷經(jīng)歲月更迭的白馬寺，依然在古城中靜默如初，散發(fā)著她的光芒。在老街閑庭信步，細(xì)細(xì)品味她的內(nèi)涵與風(fēng)韻，讓歷史訴說(shuō)，讓時(shí)間停駐。
洛陽(yáng)春季干旱大風(fēng)多，夏季炎熱多雨且集中，秋季晴和日照長(zhǎng)。4月氣候溫暖，可以欣賞無(wú)數(shù)牡丹爭(zhēng)芳斗艷的奇麗景象。特別是每年4月1日至5月10日的“牡丹花會(huì)”時(shí)，更是人頭攢動(dòng)，滿城皆花。4月底-5月中，有“櫻桃節(jié)”。洛陽(yáng)獨(dú)樹(shù)櫻桃，個(gè)大肉厚、味純甘美，漢、魏、晉、唐、宋，一直是朝廷貢品和宗廟祭祀的佳果。到“十里櫻桃溝”去，品美果，賞美景，至則忘返。
介紹洛陽(yáng)的導(dǎo)游詞 篇7
There are several Chinese saying: "In heaven, there is paradise. On earth,there are Suzhou and "A very great and noble city... It has 1600 stone bridgesunder which a galley may pass."; "Capital of Silk", , "World of Gardens”;” Bornin Suzhou, live in eat in and die in
Now, Maybe you know the topic of my speech. Yes, I will introduce Suzhou toall of you.
I am living there from my birth. Suzhou is in the province of Jiangsu,China. Suzhou is an ancient city with a long history. Built in 514 BC, Numerouschanges have taken place in Suzhou through its vast history. Yet, in spite ofrepeated devastation, the city is still seated exactly on the original site asit was 2500 years ago, which is indeed an instance rarely found in the world.The unique characteristics of the past are still retained in present-day Suzhou.Suzhou has the remnants of this culture include the remainders of the 2,500 yearold wall and the gate. From which, you can discover the legends of Suzhou andits people. In the course of the history of China, it has been a metropolis ofindustry and commerce in the south-eastern coast of China. Now the city is thefirst of 24 historical and cultural cities, China's key tourist cities, but alsofour key environmental protection cities in China。
Suzhou is conveniently located on the Jinghu Railway linking Shanghai andNanjing, to both of which there is hourly railway service. Suzhou RailwayStation is among the busiest passenger stations in China, having 139 trainsstopping daily. T-Trains only take 45 minutes to Shanghai and an hour and halfto Nanjing.
Suzhou is located in water net, street according to river and then set up,the land-and-water proceeds together; you can find the special appearance of thesmall bridges, flowing water, the old-fashioned houses, the beautiful lakes withundulating hills. All these give Suzhou an image of City on the water. There islittle pollution. Air is fresh and street is clean. Suzhou is famous as a scenictourist city.
The city is renowned for its beautiful stone bridges, pagodas, the classicgardens, silks, lakes, legends and so on, there is so much more! From naturaland man-made heritage to modern creations; from cultural gems to natural oases;from great arts to daily lives, nothing is missed. Suzhou has also been animportant center for China's silk industry, and continues to hold that prominentposition today. You could pay a visit to the silk factories to see how the silkis produced.
There are many of the famous private gardens. However, the city was to seea disaster in 1937 when the Japanese invaded. Many gardens were devastated bythe end of the war. In 1981, this ancient city was listed by the State Councilwhere the protection of historical and cultural heritage as well as naturalscenery should be treated as a priority project. Since then, with suburbaneconomic projects, Suzhou has developed into one of the most prosperous citiesin China. Classical gardens in Suzhou were added to the list of the UNESCO WorldHeritage Sites in 1997 and 20__.
Now, these gardens are together the best of traditional Chinesearchitecture, painting and arts. These Gardens are celebrated for their artisticways of dealing with the spaces between various kinds of architectural form. Itis these pounds(圍地魚(yú)塘) that serve to focus the many elements of the garden withina small space. These gardens are fine examples showing how the natural landscapeboth inside and outside could be merged. The gardens are truly wonderful indesign. It is open on all sides to the garden and many other pavilions,rockeries, and winding bridges.
Come on! I urge you to dig a little deeper, and experience classic Suzhou.I believe the city’s fantastic features and classic lifestyle is unmatched inChina. It is worth visiting and experiencing. I wish you can choose the city asyour vacation destination.
介紹洛陽(yáng)的導(dǎo)游詞 篇8
“茶葉之都”國(guó)際友好城市聯(lián)盟洛陽(yáng)市位于河南省西部，地處東經(jīng)111°8’~112.59’，北緯33°35' ~35°05'之間，位處亞歐大陸橋東段，橫跨黃河中游南北兩岸，“居天下之中”，素有“九州之腹地”之稱。洛陽(yáng)轄6個(gè)區(qū)、1個(gè)縣級(jí)市、8個(gè)縣、：澗西區(qū)、西工區(qū)、老城區(qū)、瀍河回族區(qū)、洛龍區(qū)、伊濱區(qū)、吉利區(qū)、偃師市、孟津縣、新安縣、洛寧縣、宜陽(yáng)縣、伊川縣、嵩縣、欒川縣、汝陽(yáng)縣。洛陽(yáng)下轄經(jīng)濟(jì)功能區(qū)：伊濱區(qū)、洛陽(yáng)新區(qū)(正廳級(jí))、洛陽(yáng)國(guó)家高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū)(獨(dú)立享有管轄權(quán))、國(guó)家洛陽(yáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū)。
【歷史沿革】
洛陽(yáng)，華夏文明發(fā)源地之一，中國(guó)四大古都之一，世界文化名城，國(guó)務(wù)院首批歷史文化名城，隋唐大運(yùn)河中心城市，是中國(guó)建都時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)，建都朝代較多的千年帝都。洛陽(yáng)是河南省第二大城市，華中區(qū)域性中心城市，中原經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)副中心城市，黃河沿岸中心城市，中國(guó)最佳休閑城市，是一座無(wú)愧于國(guó)色天香之美譽(yù)的牡丹花都。洛陽(yáng)也是中國(guó)的老工業(yè)基地之一。
洛陽(yáng)有著數(shù)千年文明史、建城史和建都史，中國(guó)古代伏羲、女?huà)z、黃帝、唐堯、虞舜、夏禹等神話，多傳于此。從夏朝開(kāi)始先后有十三個(gè)王朝在此定都，有105位帝王在洛陽(yáng)指點(diǎn)江山。洛陽(yáng)是我國(guó)歷史上唯一被命名為“神都”(神州大地之首都)的城市。是我國(guó)建都時(shí)間最早，時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)的城市之一。
洛陽(yáng)歷史曾用名或別名，斟鄩、西毫、洛邑、洛師、成周、王城、雒陽(yáng)、中京、伊洛、河洛、河南、洛州、三川。
洛陽(yáng)，立河洛之間，居天下之中，既稟中原大地敦厚磅礴之氣，也具南國(guó)水鄉(xiāng)嫵媚風(fēng)流之質(zhì)。開(kāi)天辟地之后，三皇五帝以來(lái)，洛陽(yáng)以其天地造化之大美，成為天人共羨之神都。洛陽(yáng)代表最早的中國(guó)，也是最本色的中國(guó)、最淵深的中國(guó)。
洛陽(yáng)城，北據(jù)邙山，南望伊闕，洛水貫其中，東據(jù)虎牢關(guān)，西控函谷關(guān)，四周群山環(huán)繞、雄關(guān)林立，因而有“八關(guān)都邑”、“山河拱戴，形勢(shì)甲于天下”之稱;而且雄踞“天下之中”，“東壓江淮，西挾關(guān)隴，北通幽燕，南系荊襄”，人稱“八方輻輳”、“九州腹地”、“十省通衢”。所以歷朝歷代均為諸侯群雄逐鹿中原的皇者必爭(zhēng)之地，成為歷史上最重要的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化中心。
以洛陽(yáng)為中心的河洛流域地區(qū)是中華文明的發(fā)祥地之一。中國(guó)古代伏羲、女?huà)z、黃帝、堯、舜、禹等大仙居住于此。同時(shí)，洛陽(yáng)也是中國(guó)300多年文明的帝都王城，華夏，中華，中土，中原，中州等稱謂均源自于古老的洛陽(yáng)城和河洛文明。1960年在洛陽(yáng)偃師“二里頭遺址”的上層發(fā)現(xiàn)一處規(guī)模宏大的宮殿基址。
洛陽(yáng)共經(jīng)歷十三個(gè)建都朝代，累計(jì)建都史達(dá)千余年。洛陽(yáng)在歷史上曾長(zhǎng)期作為我國(guó)的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化中心而存在，東漢光武中興、明章之治、西晉太康之治、北魏孝文改制、武周遺風(fēng)在這里上演，歷代帝王貴胄、文人騷客等均對(duì)洛陽(yáng)的都城地位有著極高評(píng)價(jià)。周公曰“此天下之中，四方入貢，道里均焉”;漢高祖曰“吾行天下多矣，唯見(jiàn)洛陽(yáng)”;班固曰“光漢京于諸夏，總八方而為之極”;北魏孝文帝曰“崤函帝宅，河洛王里”;唐太宗曰“崤函稱地險(xiǎn)，襟帶壯兩京”;唐玄宗曰“三秦九洛，咸曰帝京”;韋應(yīng)物說(shuō)“雄都定鼎地，勢(shì)據(jù)萬(wàn)國(guó)尊”;宋太祖曰“吾欲遷洛，以據(jù)山河之險(xiǎn)而去冗兵，循周漢故事以安天下也”;司馬光曰“欲知古今興廢事，請(qǐng)君只看洛陽(yáng)城”……
洛陽(yáng)是中華文化的讀本和華夏文化從萌芽、成長(zhǎng)走向繁榮、壯大的中心和象征。據(jù)考證，中國(guó)佛教首傳于洛陽(yáng)白馬寺。以洛陽(yáng)學(xué)子讀書(shū)音確定的中原雅音是古代河南的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)話。洛陽(yáng)是中華姓氏主根、閩南、客家之根。中華民族最早的歷史文獻(xiàn)“河圖洛書(shū)”出自洛陽(yáng)。被奉為“人文之祖”的伏羲氏，根據(jù)河圖和洛書(shū)畫(huà)成了八卦和九疇。從此，湯、武定九鼎于河洛，周公“制禮作樂(lè)”，老子著述文章，孔子入周問(wèn)禮，洛陽(yáng)歷代科學(xué)泰斗、學(xué)術(shù)流派、鴻生巨儒、翰墨精英，更是照耀史冊(cè)，燦若繁星。中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化儒、佛、道的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展與洛陽(yáng)密切相關(guān)，中國(guó)四大發(fā)明與洛陽(yáng)息息相聯(lián)。伏羲，作為人文始祖，發(fā)現(xiàn)了“河圖”與“洛書(shū)”，發(fā)明了“八卦”，成為中華民族的瑰寶，老子著有《道德經(jīng)》，蘇秦佩六國(guó)相印，縱橫游說(shuō)于六國(guó)之間，才子賈誼博懷濟(jì)世文章，班超出使西域，班固修《漢書(shū)》，許慎著《說(shuō)文解字》，司馬光編修《資治通鑒》，張衡發(fā)明渾天儀、地動(dòng)儀，蔡倫發(fā)明造紙術(shù)，虞初的《周說(shuō)》，陳壽的《三國(guó)志》，歐陽(yáng)修的《新唐書(shū)》、《新五代史》等，無(wú)一不是在洛陽(yáng)這塊沃土上完成的。程頤、程顥兄弟開(kāi)創(chuàng)宋代理學(xué)，著名的“建安七子”、“竹林七賢”，“金谷二十四友”等云集此地，譜寫(xiě)華彩篇章，左思一篇《三都賦》，曾使“洛陽(yáng)紙貴”，“洛陽(yáng)才子”，“漢魏文章半洛陽(yáng)”。張衡發(fā)明地動(dòng)儀，蔡倫造紙，馬鈞發(fā)明翻車(chē)……以洛陽(yáng)為中心的河洛文化和河洛文明，是中華民族文化的核心和源頭，構(gòu)成了華夏文明的重要組成部分。
1912年，民國(guó)建立，廢河南府，設(shè)河洛道，道尹公署駐洛陽(yáng)，轄洛陽(yáng)、偃師等19縣。
1923年，河南省長(zhǎng)公署遷于洛陽(yáng)，洛陽(yáng)成為河南省會(huì)。
1932年，日軍進(jìn)攻上海，國(guó)民政府定洛陽(yáng)為行都，并一度遷洛辦公。
1938年6月，華北大部分地區(qū)淪陷，洛陽(yáng)成為北方抗日前哨，國(guó)民政府第一戰(zhàn)區(qū)長(zhǎng)官司令部駐洛陽(yáng)。
1939年秋，河南省政府再次遷洛，洛陽(yáng)第二次成為河南省會(huì)。
1948年，洛陽(yáng)解放，析洛陽(yáng)縣城區(qū)置市。洛陽(yáng)市人民民主政府成立。
1949年12月，洛陽(yáng)市人民民主政府改稱洛陽(yáng)市人民政府。
1954年，洛陽(yáng)市升格為河南省直轄市。
1955年，洛陽(yáng)縣撤銷(xiāo)，一部分并入洛陽(yáng)市，其余部分劃入偃師、孟津等縣。
1956年，建成洛陽(yáng)市老城區(qū)、西工區(qū)和郊區(qū)，次年成立瀍河區(qū)。
1982年，經(jīng)國(guó)務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)，新成立吉利區(qū)。
1983年，新安、孟津、偃師改隸洛陽(yáng)市，洛陽(yáng)所轄登封市劃歸鄭州市管轄。
1986年，洛陽(yáng)地區(qū)撤銷(xiāo)，洛寧、宜陽(yáng)、嵩縣、欒川、汝陽(yáng)、伊川改屬洛陽(yáng)市。
1993年，偃師縣改為偃師市。
20xx年6月，經(jīng)國(guó)務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)，洛陽(yáng)郊區(qū)更名為洛龍區(qū)。
洛陽(yáng)附近的各縣中，跟洛陽(yáng)歷史聯(lián)系最密切的是偃師、孟津、鞏義、登封。其中偃師、孟津從周朝以來(lái)三千年如一日，從未改變。其次是鞏義，從周朝一直到新中國(guó)，也有三千多年。再次是登封，從三國(guó)時(shí)期到新中國(guó)，有1700多年。
【東洛陽(yáng)西羅馬】
洛陽(yáng)是和羅馬并稱的世界兩大古都，有著東洛陽(yáng)西羅馬之說(shuō)。羅馬帝國(guó)時(shí)期正是我國(guó)的東漢時(shí)期，東漢首都洛陽(yáng)。當(dāng)時(shí)洛陽(yáng)和羅馬同是世界上最強(qiáng)大國(guó)家的兩個(gè)首都。東漢皇帝派大臣班超出使西域，打通了荒廢已久的絲綢之路，首次將絲綢之路延伸打通到了歐洲延伸到了羅馬。而羅馬亦派使臣順著絲綢之路歷史上首次來(lái)到了中國(guó)，并在東漢京師洛陽(yáng)覲見(jiàn)了大漢皇帝。洛陽(yáng)因此成為了絲綢之路的東方起點(diǎn)。這也是我國(guó)歷史上首次和羅馬交往，所以一直有“東洛陽(yáng)西羅馬”的說(shuō)法。
20xx年世界郵展在洛陽(yáng)舉行。期間，大遺址保護(hù)洛陽(yáng)高峰論壇開(kāi)幕，與此同時(shí)，秦漢—羅馬文明展也在洛陽(yáng)拉開(kāi)帷幕，無(wú)數(shù)的羅馬稀世珍寶不遠(yuǎn)萬(wàn)里運(yùn)到洛陽(yáng)，在為期幾天的展覽中，讓參觀者大飽眼福，嘆為觀止，再一次將昔日世界的兩大都市連結(jié)起來(lái)，續(xù)寫(xiě)了西羅馬東洛陽(yáng)的輝煌篇章!
【絲綢之路起點(diǎn)】
東漢時(shí)，漢明帝派遣使臣班超出使西域，打通了荒廢已久的絲綢之路，且首次將絲綢之路延伸打通到了歐洲，到了當(dāng)時(shí)的羅馬帝國(guó)。這是現(xiàn)在完整的絲綢之路的路線，即從東漢時(shí)洛陽(yáng)出發(fā)，最西端到達(dá)當(dāng)時(shí)的歐洲羅馬帝國(guó)。羅馬帝國(guó)也首次派遣使臣順著班超打通的絲綢之路來(lái)到東漢，在京師洛陽(yáng)覲見(jiàn)了大漢皇帝。這是歷史上羅馬和中國(guó)的首次交往。加上羅馬帝國(guó)的時(shí)期和我國(guó)的東漢時(shí)期剛好在時(shí)間上的吻合：東漢(25—220)與西羅馬帝國(guó)(前30—476)，所以一直以來(lái)都有東洛陽(yáng)西羅馬之說(shuō)，這是歷史上分別代表東西方的兩大帝國(guó)首都。而絲綢之路首次將羅馬帝國(guó)和中國(guó)連結(jié)在了一起。 東漢之后，魏晉及隋唐時(shí)期，洛陽(yáng)都是東西方絲綢之路貿(mào)易的起點(diǎn)，這個(gè)跨度之大，時(shí)間之久，意義之大，無(wú)與倫比! 國(guó)學(xué)大師、已逝北京大學(xué)教授季羨林先生說(shuō)：“我不止一次的說(shuō)，絲綢之路應(yīng)以洛陽(yáng)為起點(diǎn)。這是個(gè)不刊之論。”
【對(duì)日本重大影響】
京都是仿照唐朝時(shí)的東西兩京洛陽(yáng)和長(zhǎng)安而建，分為左右兩大片區(qū)，一片叫做長(zhǎng)安，一片叫做洛陽(yáng)，后來(lái)由于長(zhǎng)安片區(qū)一蹶不振，而洛陽(yáng)片區(qū)繁榮似錦，所以后來(lái)整個(gè)京都都叫洛陽(yáng)。現(xiàn)在京都有幾大區(qū)，分別為：洛中、洛東、洛北、洛西等。學(xué)校、醫(yī)院、會(huì)社、企業(yè)等機(jī)構(gòu)都多以洛陽(yáng)為前綴。古時(shí)候去京都，都叫做上洛或進(jìn)洛等。這是我國(guó)古都對(duì)日本產(chǎn)生影響的體現(xiàn)和結(jié)果，也是我國(guó)對(duì)外國(guó)城市命名產(chǎn)生的重大影響!
【牡丹花】
洛陽(yáng)牡丹始于隋，盛于唐，甲天下于宋。 “天下名園重洛陽(yáng)”，“洛陽(yáng)牡丹甲天下”，“洛陽(yáng)地脈花最宜，牡丹尤為天下奇”，“唯有牡丹真國(guó)色，花開(kāi)時(shí)節(jié)動(dòng)京。牡丹是我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)名花，花蕾碩大，色澤艷麗，國(guó)色天香，自古就有富貴吉祥、繁榮昌盛的寓意，代表著中華民族泱泱大國(guó)之風(fēng)范,。
牡丹從隋代落戶洛陽(yáng)西苑后，地脈適宜，開(kāi)得繽紛美麗、艷冠天下。
唐代洛陽(yáng)是陪都，武則天當(dāng)皇帝時(shí)就在洛陽(yáng)登基，并在洛陽(yáng)主持政務(wù)。“自唐武則天后，洛陽(yáng)牡丹始盛。” (宋·歐陽(yáng)修《洛陽(yáng)牡丹記》)。從武則天時(shí)期到開(kāi)元年間(公元690年至公元741年)，還有唐貞元、元和年間(公元785年至公元820年)，是中國(guó)牡丹史上一個(gè)黃金時(shí)代，奠定了中國(guó)牡丹發(fā)展和牡丹文化興盛的堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。
洛陽(yáng)市氣候概況
洛陽(yáng)地理?xiàng)l件優(yōu)越。它位于暖溫帶南緣向北亞熱帶過(guò)渡地帶，屬暖溫帶大陸性季風(fēng)氣候和亞熱帶季風(fēng)氣候，四季分明，氣候宜人。年平均氣溫約15℃，極端最高氣溫40.4℃，極端最低氣溫-20.2℃。降雨量約630毫米，其中南部山區(qū)能達(dá)到1200毫米以上。東鄰鄭州，西接三門(mén)峽， 北跨黃河與焦作接壤，南與平頂山、南陽(yáng)相連。東西長(zhǎng)約179公里，南北寬約168公里。洛陽(yáng)地勢(shì)西高東低。境內(nèi)山川丘陵交錯(cuò)，地形錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜，其中山區(qū)45.51%，丘陵40.73%，平原占13.8%，周?chē)杏羯健②健⑶嘁健⑶G紫山、周山、櫻山、龍門(mén)山、香山、萬(wàn)安山、首陽(yáng)山、黛眉山、嵩山等十多座山脈;境內(nèi)河渠密布，分屬黃河、淮河、長(zhǎng)江三大水系，黃河、洛河、伊河、清河、磁河、鐵灤河、澗河、瀍河等10余條河流蜿蜒其間，有“四面環(huán)山六水并流、八關(guān)都邑、十省通衢”之稱。由于洛陽(yáng)地處中原，山川縱橫，西依秦嶺，出函谷是關(guān)中秦川;東臨嵩岳;北靠太行且有黃河之險(xiǎn);南望伏牛，有宛葉之饒，所以“河山拱戴，形勢(shì)甲于天下”。