黃帝陵的經典導游詞(精選3篇)
黃帝陵的經典導游詞 篇1
歡迎大家來到這里,下面我來為大家介紹一下!
這個黃帝陵——天下第一陵就在延安市的黃陵縣,黃帝,姓公孫,名叫軒轅,出生于母系氏族社會。母親名叫附寶,據史書上載:“農歷二月初二,在沮水河畔(今黃陵縣沮水河)沮源關的降龍峽生下黃帝,從此就有了二月二龍抬頭”吉祥之說。司馬遷在《史記》里對黃帝是這樣描寫的:“生而神靈,弱而能言,幼而徇齊,長而敦敏,成而聰明”。可見,黃帝從出生到成長就不是一般人物。他15歲就被群民擁戴當上軒轅部落酋長,37歲登上天子位,黃帝一生重大貢獻就在于歷經五十三戰,打敗了榆罔,降服了炎帝,誅了榆罔,降服了炎帝,誅殺蚩,結束了戰爭,統一了三大部落,告別了野蠻時代,建立起世界上第一個有共主的國家,當選為中華民族第一帝。人類文明從此開始了。所以后世人都尊稱軒轅黃帝是“人文初祖”、“文明之祖”。為此,延安又被稱為中華民族的發祥地。
黃帝是中華民族的祖先,他出生于陜北黃土高原,黃帝族主要活動于陜北黃土高原,黃帝逝世后安葬于今黃陵縣橋山之巔。自唐代宗大歷五年建廟祀典以來,這里一直是歷代王朝舉行國家大祭的場所。新中國建立后,每年清明、重陽節均在此進行祭祀典禮,特別是清明節公祭已是中華民族傳統祭祀大典。黃帝陵是中華民族圣地,海外僑胞將其譽為“東方麥加”。1962年,國務院公布其為全國第一批重點文物保護單位,編為“古墓葬第一號”,號稱“天下第一陵”。黃帝陵區景色迷人,山麓有建于漢代的軒轅廟,廟東側碑廊珍藏歷代帝王御制祭文碑57通,現又新增香港、澳門“回歸紀念碑”。陵、廟所在地橋山現有千年古柏816000株,是我國最大的古柏群。廟內有相傳黃帝手植柏,高20余米,胸徑11米,蒼勁挺拔,冠蓋蔽空,是我國最古老、最大的一株柏樹。
黃帝陵的經典導游詞 篇2
親愛的游客朋友們,大家好!我們今天游覽被譽為世界中華第一陵的---黃帝陵。我是你們本次旅游的導游,我姓蔣,也可以叫我蔣導。如果在旅游中遇到了問題,大家可以向我提出,我會幫助大家。祝大家旅游愉快!為了讓大家對黃帝陵有一個深刻的了解,我先給大家介紹一下我們申華民族的始祖——黃帝。
黃帝,是距今5000年左右的原始社會末期的一位杰出的部落聯盟領袖。據古籍記載,黃帝為少典之子,姓公孫,因長于姬水,又姓姬。封于有熊,號有熊氏。曾居于軒轅之丘,又號軒轅。因崇尚土德,土色黃,所以又稱為“黃帝”。
傳說中,黃帝不但是一位英雄的領袖人物,而且也是智慧的化身。人們把許多發明創造都歸功于黃帝或他的妻子、臣下。如造舟車、制衣冠、務蠶桑、創醫學、定音律、造文字、布五谷、燒彩陶及政治生活中的典章制度、風俗習慣中的婚喪禮儀等,后人以黃帝時代作為中華民族邁人文明社會的開始,所以,黃帝被尊為“人文初祖”。
關于黃帝埋在哪里?現在有很多說法。但是,從歷史資料的記載以及歷代政府的態度上看,大家馬上就要看到的黃帝陵就是黃帝百年后唯一的安寢之地。西漢史學家司馬遷的《史記》明確說“黃帝崩,葬橋山”。而黃帝陵歷史上就稱為“橋陵”,1944年才改稱今名。在中國古代文獻記載中,黃帝是在黃陵縣的橋山騎龍升天的,后人們將黃帝衣冠埋葬在這里,起冢為陵,這就是黃帝陵的由來。另外,黃帝陵一帶被考古證明曾經是這一帶原始氏族的聚居地,出土的陶器和石器,帶有鮮明的仰韶文化的特征。
黃帝陵位于陜西省黃陵縣,北距西安約180公里。黃陵縣原名中部縣,1944年經呈請原民國政府批準,更名為黃陵縣。1997年6月,黃帝陵被中宣部公布為全國百個愛國主義教育示范基地之一。
大家現在所處的位置是軒轅廣場。這里是謁陵的起點。軒轅廣場的地面是用秦嶺天然河卵石鋪就而成的,共計5000塊,含義是代表著中華民族5000年的悠久歷史。眼前的池子叫印池,相傳是黃帝洗筆的地方。印池之水來自沮河。在古漢語中,沮通“祖”,故而沮河也被看成是祖先之河。夜晚來臨,這里會出現“沮水月夜”的美麗景觀。
現在,我們所經過的這座橋叫軒轅橋。這座橋橫跨印池,為全花崗巖石材建造,被譽為“中國近代全石材第一橋”。軒轅橋北端通向廟院的龍尾道共有95級臺階,寓意黃帝“九五之尊”的崇高地位。拾級而上則是寬闊的廟前廣場,近年來的公祭活動大都在此舉行,現代傳媒已使它廣為人知。站到寬闊的廟前廣場,請大家再回頭看軒轅廣場,你一定會感受到一種“雄偉、莊嚴、肅穆、古樸”的恢弘氣勢。
拜祭黃帝,一般為“先祭廟,后謁陵”。軒轅廟坐落在沮水以北,坐北朝南、居高臨下、雄偉壯觀。請大家跟我走進這個神圣之地。這座祭祖黃帝的古老廟宇,相傳初建于漢代。原來在橋山西麓,宋代移至這里。軒轅廟由四進院落構成,廟門為漢代建筑風格,廡殿頂,白墻,黑琉璃瓦,高大巍峨,古樸大方!败庌@廟”三個字是由蔣鼎文先生書寫的?缛胲庌@廟大門,左側有一株參天古柏映入眼簾。古柏枝干蒼勁,蒼翠欲滴,冠如華蓋,郁郁蔥蔥。該樹樹齡已有約4700年,相傳為黃帝親手栽植,所以稱“黃帝手植柏”,1982年,英國林學專家羅皮爾等人在考察了世界27個國家之后來到我國,驚嘆它是“世界柏樹之父”。1998年,該樹被第一批認定為“中華一百棵古樹名木”之列。
離開碑亭后,繼續向里走,會看到左手邊有一塊一米見方的青石塊,石上刻著一副巨大
的黃帝腳印。該石出土于黃陵東南的郭洼。據說黃帝的腳印共有三副。一副在河南,一副在山東,一副就在黃陵,腳印石旁有柵欄圍護。據當地人講,如果有人隔著柵欄用硬幣投中大腳趾,就預示著大吉大利,萬事順意。
在軒轅殿前左側,有一株柏樹。樹干斑痕密布,縱橫成行,好似有斷釘在內。據傳,公元前l09年,漢武帝北征朔方歸來,祭黃帝陵時在此樹干上釘釘子掛盔甲所致。所以叫“掛甲柏”,也叫“將軍柏”。每年清明節前,樹孔內還會溢出柏汁,凝結為珠,像淚珠一樣。清明節后,又恢復原樣,被人稱為“群柏之奇”。
現在,映人我們眼前的建筑叫軒轅殿。大殿建于明代,門額上懸掛著原國民黨愛國將領程潛1938年所題的“人文初祖”四字大匾。
進入大殿,映人我們眼前的是半浮雕黃帝像。這尊民族始祖的圣像,是以東漢武梁祠廟的畫像石刻拓片為藍本,經國家文物局征求有關專家的意見后批準,放大刻制而成。
軒轅廟北端坐落著20__年新建成的祭祖大殿,20__年清明首次以國家級禮儀公祭華夏始祖軒轅黃帝的儀式在這里舉行,大殿整體建筑秉承漢風唐韻,融古老傳統與新時代氣息為一體。殿前祭祖廣場均由花崗巖鋪裝而成,占地1萬余平方米,可同時容納5000行祭典活動。
好了,軒轅廟就參觀到這里。下一步我們將登山,拜謁黃帝陵。
黃帝陵是中華民族始祖軒轅黃帝的陵冢,被稱為“天下第一陵”。1962年被國務院公布為全國重點文物保護單位“古墓葬第一號”。陵家位于黃陵縣城北1公里的橋山上。
黃帝陵有一絕叫“橋山古柏”。不論您從哪個方向進人縣城,都可以看見面積5800畝的橋山,滿山翠柏,蔥郁一片。目前,坐落在陜西省黃陵縣的“中華始祖”軒轅黃帝陵景區內共有柏樹8.1萬余棵,樹齡在千年以上的古柏就達3萬余棵,是我國最古老和保存最完好的古柏群。這真是“古柏參天黃帝陵,蒼煙繚繞曉風輕。橋山徹底高聳翠,沮水纏腰萬載青”。這些古柏可都是無價之寶,因此,我國歷代政府都高度重視黃帝陵古柏的保護。
各位朋友,我們現在就來到了陵園大門,請大家向門外左側看,這個高20米的圓錐土臺,叫“漢武仙臺”。據說漢武帝祭祖后,非常羨慕黃帝馭龍升天成仙。于是命數十萬大軍每人背一袋土上山,一夜之間筑成這座高臺。他登臺祈仙,對眾人說:“如果我能如黃帝那般乘龍歸天,拋下妻子算得了什么,不過如撇下鞋子一樣罷了。”而今,漢武仙臺有兩條石砌曲徑通向臺頂。上行77級臺階,下行78級臺階,謂之“七上八下”。據說登臺一次可增歲添福。
朋友們,前方這座陵冢就是我們的祖先——黃帝的安息之地。該陵為扁球形土冢。冢前又有一碑,上刻有“橋山龍馭”四個大字,意思是此地為黃帝駕龍升天之地。傳說黃帝活了100多歲,天帝感其豐功偉德,派一條巨龍接他升天,臣民們不愿黃帝離去,將他團團圍住。巨龍馱著黃帝騰空而起,慌亂間人們扯下了黃帝的衣襟、靴子、佩劍。人們把黃帝的衣靴寶劍埋在這里,起土成冢作為紀念,這便是黃帝陵是衣冠家說法的由來,但是傳說畢竟是傳說,《史記》等書明確記載“黃帝崩,葬橋山”。而且漢武大帝等各代帝王均來此祭奠黃帝,所以這里是公認的黃帝陵所在地。
“橋山龍馭”碑前還有一碑,刻有郭沫若1958書寫的“黃帝陵”三個大字。
好了游客朋友們,由于時間關系,咱們今天黃帝陵的講解就到此結束,大家可以自行的參觀,半小時后我們門口集合,請注意安全,謝謝大家!
黃帝陵的經典導游詞 篇3
After the Yellow Emperor united with Yan Emperor to defeat Chiyou, theleader of the Chinese tribal alliance became the common leader of the world,which made the Chinese nation step into the era of civilization from thebarbarian era. The great achievements of the Yellow Emperor were naturallyrespected and worshipped by later generations. After the death of the YellowEmperor, in order to express the nostalgia for this cultural ancestor, peopleset up tombs as mausoleums and temples to offer sacrifices in Qiaoshan. In thethousands of years after the death of the Yellow Emperor, the activities ofoffering sacrifices to the Yellow Emperor never stopped. In Yu, Xia, Shang,Zhou, Qin, Han, Sui, Tang, song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the YellowEmperor was worshipped as an ancestor, except in some periods when he wasregarded as a "God" and "emperor".
After Qin Shihuang wiped out the six countries and unified the world, hestipulated that all the tombs of the emperor were called "mausoleums" and thecommon people's tombs were called "tombs". In the Han Dynasty, it was stipulatedthat there must be a "Temple" beside the emperor's mausoleum. At the beginningof the establishment of the Han Dynasty, Liu Bang, the emperor of the HanDynasty, issued an imperial edict to the whole world - "I pay great attention tothe ancestral temple and offer sacrifices.". Today's God's sacrifice and thegods of mountains and rivers are worshipped, and the "Xuanyuan Temple" is builtat the West foot of the bridge. Later, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty personallyoffered sacrifices to the mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor. It is recorded inShiji, Volume 12, Chapter 12 of Xiaowu and Shiji, Volume 2, Volume 18, Chapter 6of Fengchan: "in the winter of the coming year, it is said that the ancientsfirst mobilized their troops and then Fengchan." Then he went to the north toinspect Shuofang, and killed more than 100000 soldiers. He also sacrificed tothe Yellow Emperor Zhongqiao mountain, and released his soldiers. " In thewinter of the first year of Yuanfeng (120__ BC), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynastyled 100000 troops to the north to visit Shuofang. When they returned, they madea special trip to Qiaoshan to offer sacrifices to the tomb of the YellowEmperor. This is the first record of the mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor inofficial history.
Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, due to the attention of the emperors ofvarious dynasties, the tombs have been enlarged.
In 770, the fifth year of emperor zongdali of Tang Dynasty, Zang Xilang,the festival envoy of Wenfang, wrote: "there is a Yellow Emperor Mausoleum inFangzhou. Please buy a temple and enjoy the sacrifice at four o'clock. It islisted in the sacrificial ceremony". With the approval of emperor Daizong, theTang Dynasty started a two-year large-scale renovation activity in Qiaoling,building the Yellow Emperor Temple and planting 1140 cypress trees. Since then,offering sacrifices to the Yellow Emperor has been upgraded to a nationalceremony, and Qiaoling has become the only official place for offeringsacrifices to the Yellow Emperor. This not only helps to standardize the ritual,but also plays an objective role in strengthening political rule and culturalidentity.
After the wars in the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, the tombsof the former emperors, including the mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor, hadappeared the situation of "being unable to help cutting wood". The "destruction"of sacrificial buildings makes normal sacrificial activities impossible.Therefore, as soon as Zhao Kuangyin ascended the throne, he issued two imperialedicts in the first year of Jianlong and the beginning of Qiande, stipulatingthat the mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor and the mausoleums of Yan Emperor, GaoXin, Tang Yao, Yu Shun and Xia Yu "each had five families in charge of themausoleum, and the ancestral temple of the spring and Autumn period had anethereal prison" and that those who destroyed it had to repair it. In the secondyear of Kaibao, due to the erosion of the Juhe River year after year, cliffcollapses and water collapses often occurred at the West foot of the bridge,threatening the survival of the temple. Local officials wrote to the imperialcourt, and song Taizu issued a decree to move Xuanyuan temple from the West footof the bridge to the Yellow Emperor's palace at the east foot of the bridge,which is the present site.