第5課 荊軻刺秦王
一、實詞
1.通假字
(1)秦王必說見臣:________________
(2)今日往而不反者,豎子也:________________
(3)燕王誠振怖大王之威:________________
(4)圖窮而匕首見:________________
(5)秦王還柱而走:________________
(6)卒起不意,盡失其度:________________
(7)請辭決矣:________________
(8)荊軻奉樊於期頭函:________________
點撥 (1)“說”同“悅”,高興,喜歡。(2)“反”通“返”,回來。(3)“振”通“震”,懼怕。(4)“見”通“現”,出現。(5)“還”通“環”,繞。(6)“卒”通“猝”,突然。(7)“決”通“訣”,告別,辭別。(8)“奉”同“捧”,捧著
2.古今異義
(1)樊將軍以窮困來歸丹
古義:________________________________________________________________________
今義:________________________________________________________________________
(2)樊將軍仰天太息流涕曰
古義:________________________________________________________________________
今義:________________________________________________________________________
(3)而傷長者之意
古義:________________________________________________________________________
今義:________________________________________________________________________
(4)秦之遇將軍,可謂深矣
古義:________________________________________________________________________
今義:________________________________________________________________________
(5)終已不顧
古義:________________________________________________________________________
今義:________________________________________________________________________
(6)左右既前
古義:________________________________________________________________________
今義:________________________________________________________________________
(7)樊於期偏袒扼腕而進
古義:________________________________________________________________________
今義:________________________________________________________________________
(8)持千金之資幣物
古義:________________________________________________________________________
今義:________________________________________________________________________
(9)秦王還柱而走
古義:________________________________________________________________________
今義:________________________________________________________________________
(10)諸郎中執兵
古義:________________________________________________________________________
今義:________________________________________________________________________
(11)侍醫夏無且以其所奉藥囊提軻
古義:________________________________________________________________________
今義:________________________________________________________________________
點撥 (1)古義:處境困難;今義:生活貧窮,經濟困難。(2)古義:眼淚;今義:鼻涕。(3)古義:品德高尚之人;今義:年長之人。(4)古義:對待;今義:遇到,碰到。(5)古義:不回頭;今義:不照顧、不考慮、不顧忌。(6)古義:皇帝周圍的侍衛人員;今義:表示兩種方向。(7)古義:袒露一只臂膀;今義:袒護雙方中的一方。(8)古義:禮品;今義:貨幣。(9)古義:跑;今義:步行。(10)古義:宮廷的侍衛;今義:方言中指中醫。(11)古義:擲擊;今義:提起。