英語寫作基本要領(lǐng)、寫作技巧
she returned to her office.there was a note under the door. it was from mr may.he said he was waiting for her in the coffee room.and he bad not found her sister.hewas sorry to have missed her.
這段話用了一連串的短句,讀起來單調(diào)呆板,平淡無味。為使文字更加生動,意思更加明確可改為:
when she returned to her office,the found a note from mr may under the door.he said he was waiting for her in the coffee room and hadnt found her sister yet.headded that he was sorry to have missed her.
修改后三個句子長短不一,讀起來就給人以不同的感覺。
又如《大學(xué)英語》第一冊第十課 going home,當(dāng)汽車駛至 brunsnick,車上的年輕人看見黃手帕?xí)r,出現(xiàn)了以下這兩行文字:
then,suddenly,all of the young people were up out of thelr seats,screamlng andshouting and cryin, doing small dances of joy.all except vlngo.這兩句話一長(23個詞)一短(3個詞),彼此襯托互為凸現(xiàn)。第一句的兩個and和四個-ing詞,把熱鬧、喧嘩的氣氛喧染極至,長句之后,蜂回路轉(zhuǎn),一個僅三個詞的短句撲入讀者的雙目幾乎沸騰的場面頓時凝固但其余音未絕,此時外表雖冷漠,內(nèi)心卻炙熱難當(dāng)。
2、句子開頭的多樣化
“主-謂-賓”、“主-系-表”是英語的基本句型,主語領(lǐng)先句也是用得最多的句型。寫作中為避免形式單一,當(dāng)句子可以用主語開頭,同時又可以其它結(jié)構(gòu)開頭時,不妨變換一下。如:
(1)defeated in the minor exchanges,i now play my queen of trumps.(分詞短語做狀語開頭)
(2)there are two ways in which one can own a book.( there be句型開頭)
(3)equally important is a good habit of reading(表語開頭)
以上各句都可以用主語開句,但在篇章中通過改變句子開頭,文章就會疏落有致,語言形式豐富多采。
3、句子結(jié)構(gòu)的多樣化
寫作中可以通過句型結(jié)構(gòu)的變化來增添文采,強(qiáng)化表現(xiàn)力。如:
(l) the love of the liberty is the love of the others;the love of power ls thelove of ourselves.
(平行結(jié)構(gòu).這類結(jié)構(gòu)整齊、緊湊;句子生動、鮮明,語義貫通、語勢強(qiáng)勁有力。)
(2)the days when we suffered from oppression and exploitation are gone.(這樣表達(dá)文字通順,但語意不很突出。)
改為:gone are the days when we suffered fron oppression andexploitation.
(采用倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu)后,充分體現(xiàn)出受剝削受壓迫的人民解放后揚(yáng)眉吐氣的心情。)
三、觀點(diǎn)切題結(jié)構(gòu)合理
這是寫作中最重要的要求之一它要求寫作開門見山直入主題。如寫一篇談“健康重要性”的文章,提示是1、健康的重要性;2、保持健康的方法;3、我的看法。按要求文章應(yīng)按三個自然段來寫,而每段開頭都必須是提示的內(nèi)容,因此,三段可以這么開頭: