醫(yī)學(xué)英語學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作格式參考

　　有時,為了避免標(biāo)題太長而使用縮寫詞。effect of lats(=long-acting thyroid stimula-tor)and lats protectoron htaca(=human thy-roid adeny cyclase activity)長效甲狀腺刺激素和長效甲狀腺刺激素保護(hù)物對人體甲狀腺甙酸環(huán)化酶活性的作用。考慮文章較長,可在統(tǒng)一的標(biāo)題下,用不同的副標(biāo)題分成若干相對獨立的篇章。例如:factors influ-encing one's ability to adopt to chronic illness影響個人對慢性疾病適應(yīng)能力的因素(1)care保健;(2)technology技術(shù)學(xué);(3)family relation-ships家庭關(guān)系;(4)developmental level發(fā)展水平(研究標(biāo)準(zhǔn));(5)cultural valuesand beliefs文化價值和信仰。

　　這部分是對整篇文章的高度概括或濃縮,故要簡單、明了。常用的詞匯和句型有:somebody studied(examined investigated,determined,found,reported,interviewed,measured,documented,considered,though evaluated,observed,…)。運用這些動詞,所采用的時態(tài)通常是一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時。被動語態(tài)也屢見不鮮,常見有:this study was taken to ex-amine… ;patients with…were followed up for+時間;it is showed that… ;it is concluded that… ;indicationswere obtained that… ,等。結(jié)尾時常用的表達(dá)方法有:the results indicate(show,state,suggest,demon-strate,conclude,express…)that… ;these findingshave special importance in showing that… ;the find-ings have general significance in that… ;this possibilityis strengthening by the observation that… ,等等。例:

　　enzyme linkel immunosorbent assay(elisa)isused to the detection for antibody of anti-thy oglobulinin normal human serum,cord serum,and amniotic flu-id.the results demonstrate that it seemed to be an cer-tain rule that the lower appeared in the amniotic fluid,the highest in cord serum.antibody is decreasing for anormal level with the grown-up age after birth.it isthus concluded that antibody of anti-thyroglobulin wemeasured may play a certain significance in diagnosis ofcretinism by elisa.作者采用elisa對正常人的血清、臍帶血清和羊水中的抗甲狀腺球蛋白抗體進(jìn)行了測定。其結(jié)果有一定規(guī)律:抗體在胎生期首先出現(xiàn),分娩時濃度達(dá)高峰,而后隨年齡增長逐漸降至正常水平。故測定該抗體對地方克汀病之診斷有一定意義。

　　本項除課題意義外,主要涉獵前人研究情況的評述及本研究的目的,后兩者有時分別列出。茲分述如下:

　　以往研究評論　還有用其它題目的,例如:review of liter-ature(文獻(xiàn)評述),literature cited(文獻(xiàn)引述),prior research(以前的研究),somepast designs(過去的某些設(shè)計),back-grou-nd(背景材料),等等。而這些資料引文的重點要放在引述與本文有關(guān)的以往研究的結(jié)果,否則會喧賓奪主。句式常有sb.et al.tested(reported,gave,car-ried out experiment on… ;sb found(showed…)that… .還有若干不同的其它表達(dá)方法,寫在下邊:our exper-iments show that… ;the present study was undertakentoidentify… ,date are presented that suggest… ,ourresults supported… ;the distribution has reported by… ;our laboratory has undertaken a reexamination of… ;this article(paper)documents… ;we trace(evi-dence)…this model extends… ;our findings demon-strate… ;we reasoned that… ;the effect…were evalu-ated by means of… ;the present results add some fur-ther elements to… .a recent study analyzed he effect of aspirin(asa)on primaryhemostasis in uremia,measuring bleedingtime(bt).it was found that the same dose of asa pro-longed bt more in uremic that in control subjects,sug-gesting platelets were more susceptible to the inhibitory-of asa.this might be due to different asa pharma-cokinetics and bioavailability that might be influenced bythe uremic condition.新近一項研究分析了乙酰水揚酸對尿毒癥第一期出血的影響,測定了出血的時間。我們發(fā)現(xiàn),同樣劑量的asa均可延長出血時間,而尿毒癥受驗者比對照受驗者要多。這提示尿毒癥的血小板對asa的抑制更具敏感性。這可能是由于asa的藥物動力學(xué)和生物可用性不同所致。